apologetics

“But is it True?” Cultural and Rational Apologetics

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Editor's Note

Equipping articles aim to equip ministry leaders to advance the way of Christ in all of culture by 1. clarifying a particular cultural issue, 2. identifying the challenge it presents to Christians and the Church, and 3. offering a way forward for Christians and ministry leaders. These are typically short-form and not comprehensive in nature.

Cultural apologetics is a hot topic right now, and for good reason. Popular objections to the Christian faith have shifted from accusations primarily about its rationality to accusations about its goodness and desirability. Opponents criticize Christianity for being restrictive and harmful to personal identity, sexual fulfillment, human dignity, and equality.

Cultural apologetics instructs us to pick a prized cultural value, like human dignity and equality, and show how the Christian faith tells a better, more desirable story in support of said value(s). Let me illustrate this using the example of human equality.

To love our neighbors well, we need to adopt a holistic apologetic that listens to their existential and intellectual concerns.

Human Dignity/Equality

Imagine discovering a painting tucked away in the attic of an old home. You take it to the Metropolitan Museum of Art, and the experts tell you that it bears all the distinguishing features of an original Da Vinci. Then the experts tell you that they believe the painting is actually a self-portrait; it is of Da Vinci himself! You cannot believe it; you have discovered a priceless work of art.

This painting story is analogous to discovering humanity’s true identity. The Bible tells us that we bear all the distinguishing features of God’s craftsmanship. But it does not stop there. It also says that we are part of a series of God’s “self-portraits.” We are living artwork that God made to resemble Him! As it says in Genesis, “So God created man in his own image, in the image of God he created him; male and female he created them” (Genesis 1:27). Like the painting, it is not only who made us, but in whose image we have been made that gives us such incredible value. If God exists, every human is objectively and equally valuable.

Does that sound wonderful? This story is more compelling and more desirable than the classic, atheist story, which maintains we are cosmic accidents who have been left on the doorstep of the universe by chance. Love is not at the heart of reality or the motivation for our existence. Rather, there is no motivation behind our existence; our existence is merely the result of mindless matter in mindless motion. Natural selection, not “God,” is our “Father.” Thus, we have no real value (equal or otherwise).

Honest atheists, like Albert Camus, admit the atheist story is grim. Hence why he said, “There is only one really serious philosophical problem, and that is suicide.” But existentialism attempted to provide a solution to atheism’s inherent nihilism. Defy reality by deciding life has meaning and value (wink, wink). In other words, pretend we have not “unchained the earth from its sun” by rejecting God. Act “as if” human life has meaning and equal value, although looking at nature, it obviously does not. The law of the jungle, which is the default mode of operation in nature, including human nature, unequivocally demonstrates that humans aren’t equally valuable. Some humans are stronger, healthier, and wealthier than others. Human equality is a social construct that defies the natural order of things.

But is it True?

In the battle of the narratives, Christianity tells a more desirable story about human value and equality, hands down. “But, is it true?” Cultural apologetics must be part of a one-two apologetics punch, because at the end of a persuasive cultural apologetic, people’s instinctive response is to say, “That sounds nice, but it does not make it true.” At which point, we need to be able to persuasively make a case for Christianity’s truthfulness, leveraging time-tested arguments, such as the cosmological, teleological, and moral arguments, along with arguments for the historicity of the resurrection.

Granted, we cannot argue people into the kingdom. But we cannot “out-narrate”[1] them into the kingdom either. We must rely on the Spirit to use our holistic apologetic to cultivate good soil for the gospel in the hearts of those we are engaging.

History & Human Equality

The idea of human equality and the enshrinement of human equality in law was bequeathed to civilization by Christianity, not by secularism or any other philosophy or religion. Accusing Christianity of being against human equality is like accusing an orange tree of being detrimental to the production of oranges.

That said, we cannot assume that our unbelieving neighbors and friends know the better, more desirable story, its influence on Western civilization, or the reasons for its truth. To love our neighbors well, we need to adopt a holistic apologetic that listens to their existential and intellectual concerns and responds with a contextualized message that defends the beauty, goodness, and truth of Christianity.

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MA Ethics, Theology, and Culture

The Master of Arts Ethics, Theology, and Culture is a seminary program providing specialized academic training that prepares men and women to impact the culture for Christ through prophetic moral witness, training in cultural engagement, and service in a variety of settings.

Photo retrieved from Unsplash.

[1] Borrowing this language from Joshua Chatraw: https://www.amazon.com/Telling-Better-Story-About-Skeptical/dp/0310108632.

  • apologetics
  • theology
Jono Darville

Jono Darville (M.A., Southeastern Seminary) is an Assistant Pastor in the PCA, Global Master Trainer with The Center for Leadership Studies, and former leader of the New York branch of Models for Christ. Jono specializes in the areas of public theology and apologetics. He is the author of numerous articles and book reviews for Christ and Culture and The Gospel Coalition. He is also the author of Life in Its Original Language: A Guide to Being Truly Human (forthcoming) and The Corinthian Twins: The Mystery Behind Naming King Lune’s Sons (Sehnsucht: The C. S. Lewis Journal, Volume 19.1 (Summer 2025).

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