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The Internet Is Rewiring our Brains. Are Local Churches the Solution?

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Editor's Note

This article is a part of our series, The Way of Christ in Education.

I’ve been surprised to see schools around the U.S. restrict the use of smartphones. The advocacy of Jean Twenge and Jonathan Haidt has sparked a growing movement. It promises to improve educational outcomes, reduce cyber-bullying, and enhance social interactions among students.

Much of the criticism about this technology has focused on behavioral effects rather than on the way it has changed our epistemology. However, Nicholas Carr is right, the internet is rewiring our brains and changing the way we see the world. That is the deeper problem that needs to get addressed.

Media theorist Neil Postman began to raise awareness of the effects of media technology on Western culture, especially on education in the U.S., in 1985 with his book, Amusing Ourselves to Death. His recommendation is for educators to help students “learn how to distance themselves from their forms of information” and make them aware of the “epistemology of media.” He makes clear in his sequel, Technopoly, that his primary concern is in the unconsidered adoption of media technologies.

I believe that congregations should act on Postman’s recommendation as part of our regularly scheduled discipleship programs.

Teaching people that technology is ideology is vital to pre-evangelism in our day.

Education and the Mission of the Church

The primary mission of the Church is and will always be to make disciples of all nations. The approach Christians have taken to this has varied throughout time, but the central message—the gospel—does not.

When publisher Robert Raikes started the Sunday School movement, he focused on meeting the educational needs of the child laborers whose 12-hour workdays prevented them from learning to read. He started Sabbath Schools to improve literacy and provide spiritual instruction. British evangelicals like William Wilberforce and Hannah More, as members of the Clapham Sect, viewed Sunday School as an important means of serving the poor and evangelizing.

Over the past two centuries, compulsory public education has largely eliminated the need for churches to provide basic education. Many churches have continued to implement Sunday School for adults and children as a means of discipleship, primarily focused on biblical literacy.

We should never forget, however, the roots of the Sunday School. Basic literacy was a necessary precursor to biblical literacy in the early industrial era. Teaching people that technology is ideology is vital to pre-evangelism in our day.

Epistemology as Pre-Evangelism

In his classic work, The God Who Is There, Francis Schaeffer argued that pre-evangelism is a necessary part of apologetics in our world. He writes, “Before a man is ready to become a Christian, he must have a proper understanding of truth.” Schaeffer believed that our failure to engage the epistemological challenges of modernity and postmodernity contributed to the younger generation walking away from the faith.

Our contemporary epistemological challenges have shifted. Technology is ideology, and it is shaping our understanding of the world. The epistemological mood of the internet age is metamodern. The fragmentary nature of the internet, especially our social media feeds, forces us to oscillate between thoughts of horrific violence and humorous memes.

Postman complained about TV news anchors shifting topics by saying “Now this. . .” Yet we don’t even get that miniscule warning as we scroll down a livestream of the world’s stream of consciousness on our phones. The resultant discontinuity subconsciously shapes the way we see the world. It pushes us toward metamodernism.

As we consider our efforts to make disciples, we can use our Sunday School curricula to, as Schaeffer noted, “take the roof off” the prevailing epistemology. We can show how modernism, postmodernism, and metamodernism are all out of touch with the reality we see depicted so clearly in God’s word.

Biblical literacy is vitally important and cannot be removed from discipleship. However, we also need to train people to swim against the tides of the prevailing internet epistemology. Metamodernism makes total discontinuity between Sunday worship and Monday worldliness seem natural. Our discipleship efforts have to point people toward the need for a worldview to be internally coherent and to correspond with reality.

It is important that we take concrete, overt steps to raise people’s awareness of the effects of technology on their worldview. That’s part of effective contextualization.

Contextualization for Mobilization

Equipping disciples to make disciples in the West requires addressing the contemporary epistemological challenges of media and technology. The prevailing culture continues to adopt technologies unquestioningly and adapt their epistemology to fit them. Therefore, our congregations may have to step into the gap to educate our people and our neighbors on the way that media technologies are distorting their perception of reality.

There are many ways that discipleship can be accomplished. Some congregations have shifted from a Sunday School model to small groups, home fellowships, or a variety of other options. The setting we use to shape the epistemology of our congregations may vary. Yet it is important that we take concrete, overt steps to raise people’s awareness of the effects of technology on their worldview. That’s part of effective contextualization.

As Schaeffer notes, “It is unreasonable to expect people of the next generation in any age to continue in the historic Christian position, unless they are helps to see where arguments and connotations directed against Christianity and against them as Christians, by their generation, are fallacious.”  We must contextualize our discipleship efforts toward the issues our culture presents.

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Photo by Josh Eckstein on Unsplash

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Andrew J. Spencer

Andrew J. Spencer holds a PhD from Southeastern Baptist Theological Seminary. He is a member of CrossPointe Church in Monroe, MI. Spencer writes often at www.EthicsAndCulture.com and recently published 'The Christian Mind of C. S. Lewis.'

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